The Fourth Branch of Government: The Bureaucracy

Even though neither word, “bureaucracy” nor “administration,” appear in the text of the U.S. Constitution, it is precisely these two elements that make it possible for the Constitution to exist. Without the bureaucracy or the administrative state, Congress would be unable to “lay or collect taxes on income” as per the 16th Amendment; nor would the constitutional protection of “due process” be afforded to every citizen. Nor would any of the rights and privileges that the Constitution provides be protected without the existence of the bureaucracy and the administrative state.

For this Discussion, consider the influence of the bureaucracy in contemporary American government and Nigeria.

Post your perspective on whether the growth of federal bureaucracy is a necessary condition for the functioning of the administrative state in the United States. Explain why and provide an example to illustrate your points. Then, explain what you might add to Wilson’s view on “The Bureaucracy Problem,” and defend your suggestions.

Also Post your perspective on whether the growth of federal bureaucracy is a necessary condition for the functioning of the administrative state in the federal republic of Nigeria. Explain why and provide an example to illustrate your points. Then, explain what you might add to Wilson’s view on “The Bureaucracy Problem,” and defend your suggestions.

Please use these materials

Readings

Shafritz, J. M., Lane, K. S., & Borick, C. P. (Eds.). (2005). Classics of public policy. New York, NY: Pearson Education.
- Chapter 2, “Public Policymaking”
  - Street-Level Bureaucrats as Policy Makers (1980) (pp. 51–61)
Gedid, J. (2013). Administrative procedure for the twenty-first century: An introduction to the 2010 Model State Administrative Procedure Act. St. Mary’s Law Journal, 44(1), 241–280.
Moynihan, D. P. (2004). Protection versus flexibility: The Civil Service Reform Act, competing administrative doctrines, and the roots of contemporary public management debate. Journal of Policy History, 16(1), 1–33.
Türk, A. H. (2013). Oversight of administrative rulemaking: Judicial review. European Law Journal, 19(1), 126–142. doi:10.1111/eulj.12017
Wilson, J. Q. (2012, Spring). The bureaucracy problem. National Affairs, 11, 145–152.

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